Atoms, Molecules and Stoichiometry - Advanced Subsidiary

Relative Atomic Mass: The relative atomic mass of an element is the average mass of one atom of that element relative to the mass of one atom of carbon-12, which has a relative atomic mass of 12. This value takes into account the different isotopes of the element and their relative abundances in nature.

Relative Molecular Mass: The relative molecular mass of a compound is the average mass of one molecule of that compound relative to the mass of one atom of carbon-12. This value takes into account the different isotopes of the atoms in the molecule and their relative abundances in nature.

Mass Spectrometry: Mass spectrometry is a technique used to determine the mass-to-charge ratio of ions in a sample. The sample is ionized, and the resulting ions are separated based on their mass-to-charge ratio using an electric or magnetic field. This technique can be used to identify the chemical composition of a sample and to determine the relative abundances of its isotopes. It is widely used in analytical chemistry, biochemistry, and other fields